Trial Monitoring: Gibril Massaquoi
Limitation de responsabilité
When possible, pseudonyms reflect those used in the prosecution’s pre-trial material. In addition, Civitas Maxima has assigned pseudonyms to named victims and/or witnesses in order to further protect their identity.
Gibril Massaquoi, former Lieutenant-Colonel and spokesman of the Revolutionary United Front (RUF), was tried before the District Court of Tampere, Finland, for allegedly committing and inciting the murders of civilians and enemy fighters, aggravated rapes, aggravated war crimes, and aggravated violations of human rights in a State of Emergency during the First Liberian Civil War.
Massaquoi’s trial started on February 3, 2021, in Tampere. The Finnish court travelled to Liberia in mid-February – first conducting site visits in Lofa County, and then going to Monrovia on February 23 to hear the witnesses. The hearings in Monrovia concluded on April 7, 2021. The Court then relocated in Sierra Leone on May 11, to hear additional witnesses. After a brief period back to Tampere, the Court returned in Liberia mid-September to hear more witnesses. One month later, the Court moved back to Tampere for the final stretch of the trial. Finally, the last witnesses were heard in January 2022 and the Defense and Prosecution pleaded their closing arguments.
On April 29, 2022, the District Court dismissed all charges, and found that there was reasonable doubt that the defendant committed the offences he was charged with. In May 2022, the Prosecution filed an appeal. The appeal will begin on January 10: you can find the daily trial reports ici.
Civitas Maxima, en collaboration avec nos partenaires au Liberia et en Sierra Leone, le Centre pour les droits humains, le genre et la migration de l'Université de Washington (États-Unis) et l'Université de La Haye (Netherlands), provided a daily summary of the proceedings.
La partie artistique est réalisée par Kalonji Artet Lesli Lumeh en collaboration avec New Narratives.
Limitation de responsabilité
Civitas Maxima estime que les populations locales - celles qui subissent les conséquences des crimes de guerre et des violations des droits de l'homme les plus graves commis dans leur pays - ont droit à des informations accessibles et impartiales sur les procès des criminels de guerre présumés.
C'est pourquoi nous effectuons un suivi des procès, afin que ce qui se dit au tribunal soit accessible à tous, notamment aux populations concernées qui ne peuvent pas se rendre dans le pays où se déroule le procès, ou qui n'ont pas accès aux audiences.
Civitas Maxima ne fournit pas de transcriptions officielles des audiences.
Comment fonctionne le suivi du procès de l'affaire Massaquoi
Des partenaires locaux sont physiquement présents sur les lieux où se déroulent les audiences (Finlande, Liberia, et Sierra Leone) afin de prendre des notes sur ce qui est dit au tribunal, aussi précisément que possible.
Ces notes sont ensuite résumés par des étudiants de l'Université de La Haye (Pays-Bas) et du Centre pour les droits de l'homme, le genre et la migration de l'Université de Washington (États-Unis). Centre pour les droits humains, le genre et la migration Les résumés de chaque journée d'audience, ainsi que les récapitulatifs hebdomadaires, sont publiés sur notre site web.
Limites
La langue officielle de la procédure est le finnois. Alors que nos partenaires finnophones peuvent suivre l'intégralité des procédures qui se déroulent à Tampere, nos partenaires locaux au Liberia et en Sierra Leone ne peuvent saisir que ce qui est dit en anglais ou traduit par les interprètes officiels de la Cour. Par conséquent, pendant les audiences au Libéria et en Sierra Leone, toute discussion entre les parties qui est menée en finnois et non traduite n'est pas capturée dans notre suivi des procès.
Anonymisation
Bien que les autorités finlandaises aient utilisé un système de dénomination (Civil XX, Soldat XX, Employé XX, etc.) pour protéger l'identité des personnes et des témoins impliqués dans l'affaire, elles n'ont pas anonymisé les noms de toutes les personnes mentionnées pendant le procès ou nommées dans les documents d'avant-procès.
La préoccupation première de Civitas Maxima est la sûreté et la sécurité de toutes les personnes, et l'assurance que nous ne contribuons pas à l'identification possible de toute personne impliquée. Nous avons donc suivi la convention de dénomination utilisée par les autorités finlandaises, et l'avons complétée par notre propre système de dénomination afin d'anonymiser toute personne nommée, à l'exception des individus notoires, tels que les hauts fonctionnaires, qui ont témoigné ou ont été nommés dans d'autres procès publics et/ou dans les rapports de la Commission Vérité et Réconciliation du Liberia.
En outre, nous avons rendu anonymes un petit nombre de noms de lieux (clairement indiqués dans le résumé par [Lieu x]) lorsque cela a été jugé nécessaire pour protéger des identités ou des pratiques d'enquête spécifiques.
Exactitude concernant les lieux
Dans la mesure du possible, nous avons recoupé les noms de villes et de villages mentionnés par les témoins avec les cartes officielles du Liberia et de la Sierra Leone, afin de repérer aussi précisément que possible les emplacements exacts. Cependant, il a été difficile de saisir certains noms de lieux, notamment en ce qui concerne les très petites villes isolées, et les orthographes varient. En cas de doute, les noms consignés par nos partenaires locaux sont suivis.
Les notes verbatim prises par nos observateurs sont disponibles sur demande pour les journalistes. Veuillez contacter comms@civitas-maxima.org pour en demander l'accès.
24/01/22 [Finland] Day 62: Defense Closing Arguments
The 62nd day of public hearings resumed on Monday, January 24 in Finland. The Judge announced that the Defence would present the closing arguments after which the Prosecutors would present their position on the Defendant’s detention. The Defense Presents their Closing Arguments The Defence appealed to the fact that the trial began a year before…
21/01/22 [Finland] Day 61: Prosecution Closing Arguments
The 61st day of public hearings resumed on Friday, 21st January in Finland. The Prosecution Presents their Closing Arguments The Prosecution began by addressing the legal basis of the Indictment since it was put in question by the Defendant in December. The charges of murder and rape were based on the Criminal Code of Finland,…
13/01/22 [Finland] Day 60: Three Witnesses are Heard Virtually
The 60h day of public hearings resumed on Thursday, 13th January 2022 in Finland. Witness W1 is Heard via Video link The Defense questions the witness W1 The witness was a police officer. Looking into the additional protocol number 8, the Defense sought to understand [Employee 1]’s initial period of employment with the Finnish police,…
20/12/21 [Finland] Day 59: One Witness is Heard
The 59th day of public hearings resumed on Monday, 20th December in Finland. The hearing began by Prosecution introducing some confidential documents related to Gibril Massaquoi’s marriage in a closed session. When the hearing resumed in the open session, the defense introduced a 2008 memo from SCSL on the hearing of [GJRP-1] in which he…
19/11/21 [Finland] Day 58: Expert Witness, Ilmari Käihkö, is Heard and The Defendant, Gibril Massaquoi, is Heard Again
The 58th day of public hearings resumed on Friday, 19th November in Finland. Expert Witness Ilmari Käihkö is Heard The Prosecution questions the expert witness Ilmari Käihkö The witness was summoned again to testify because his expert witness statement from 2 September 2021 was prepared based on questions emailed to the witness by the Defense…
17/11/21 [Finland] Day 57: The Defendant, Gibril Massaquoi, is Heard
The 57th day of public hearings resumed on Wednesday, 17th November in Finland. The Defendant, Gibril Massaquoi, is Heard Initially, confidential evidence was examined in closed session after which the judge invited the parties to discuss the defense’s expert witness statement from Ilmari Käihkö. The Prosecution said that the defense did not provide them with…
26/10/21 [Finland] Day 56: One Defense Witness is Heard
The 56th day of public hearings resumed on Friday, 26th October in Finland. Defense Witness [FNM-192] is Heard The Defense questions the witness The Witness had already testified on June 17. The Witness confirmed that she and Gibril Massaquoi moved together to Munsor after Massaquoi’s release from prison on the 6th of January 1999. The…
08/10/21 [Liberia] Day 55: One Prosecution Witness is Heard
The 55th day of public hearings resumed on Friday, 8th October in Monrovia, Liberia. Prosecution Witness L5 is Heard The Defense questions witness L5 The witness had written and published an article during his time in Sierra Leone about a massacre in Kamata Golahun, which was displayed for the court. The Witness explained that in…
06/10/21 [Liberia] Day 54: Three Witnesses are Heard
The 54th day of public hearings resumed on Monday, 6th October in Monrovia, Liberia. The Witness, [Employee 3], is Heard The Prosecution questions the witness [Employee 3] The witness began by explaining that he has been working for GJRP since its founding in 2012. Initially he worked as a researcher, or what the court would…
04/10/21 [Liberia] Day 53: Two Prosecution Witnesses are Heard
The 53rd day of public hearings resumed on Monday, 4th October in Monrovia, Liberia. Prosecution Witness [GJRP-1] is Heard The Prosecution questions the witness, [GJRP-1] The witness started by saying that he knows L4. He first met L4 at an atayi shop called Cenpid on Carey Street around six to eight years ago. He saw…
29/09/21 [Liberia] Day 52: Three Defense Witnesses are Heard
The 52nd day of public hearings resumed on Friday, 29th September in Monrovia, Liberia. Defense Witness 07 is Heard The Defense questions Defense Witness 07 First, the Defense asked whether Massaquoi owned a truck or trucks. The witness replied that he did not know. The witness explained that he had a lot of interaction with…
28/09/21 [Liberia] Day 51: One Witness is Heard
The 51st day of public hearings resumed on 28 September 2021 in Monrovia, Liberia. Witness L3 is heard Defense Questions the Witness The witness described his interviews with Finnish police. He recalled that he was interviewed twice in 2021 and was put in touch with the Finnish police through [FNM-294], a former soldier. He and…
27/09/21 [Liberia] Day 50 : Two Witnesses are Heard
The 50th day of public hearings resumed on Friday, 27th September in Monrovia, Liberia. Witness L4 is Heard The Defense questions Witness L4 The Defense began by reminding the witness that he was interviewed by the Finish police on 4th of May and asked him how he got involved in the case and came to…
24/09/21 [Liberia] Day 49 : Two Witnesses are Heard
The 49th day of public hearings resumed on Friday, 24th September in Monrovia, Liberia. Witness L1 is Heard The Defense questions Witness L1 The Defense began by asking how the witness came to be in contact with the Finish police. The witness explained that several months ago he was called by [FNM-273], who was the…
22/09/21 [Liberia] Day 48 : Two Witnesses are Heard
The 48th day of public hearings resumed on Wednesday, 22th September in Monrovia, Liberia. Witness Z1 is Heard The Prosecution questions Witness Z1 The Prosecution began by asking the witness when he came to Liberia. The witness said he was born in Sierra Leone and was a driver for the commanders in Sierra Leone. He…
21/09/21 [Liberia] Day 47: Two Witnesses are Heard
The 47th day of public hearings resumed on 21st September in Monrovia, Liberia. Witness X3 is Heard The Prosecution questions the witness In response to Prosecution’s question to describe his personal experiences during the second Liberian civil war between 1999 and 2003, the Witness recalled that the war started in the town where he was…
20/09/21 [Liberia] Day 46: Three New Witnesses are Heard
The 46th day of public hearings resumed on 20th of September in Monrovia, Liberia. Witness Y6 is Heard The Prosecution questions the Witness The Prosecution begins by asking the Witness to share his experience of the civil war. The Witness explained that his experience of the conflicts spanned from 1998 to 2003. In September 1998,…
17/09/21 [Liberia] Day 45: Three New Witnesses are Heard
The 45th day of public hearings resumed on 17 September 2021 in Monrovia, Liberia. Witness Y1 is heard The Prosecution Questions the Witness The Witness began by explaining how he came to live in Liberia. The Witness was born in Sierra Leone where he attended school. He was very young when he was captured by…
15/09/21 [Liberia] Day 44: Two New Witnesses are Heard
15/09/21 [Liberia] Day 44: Two New Witnesses are Heard The 44th day of public hearings resumed on Wednesday, 15th September in Monrovia, Liberia. Witness X6 is Heard The Prosecution questions Witness X6 The Prosecution asked the Witness to share his experience of the Second Liberian Civil War, which he answered by sharing that between 2002 and 2003…
13/09/21 [Liberia] Day 43: New Prosecution Witnesses
13/09/21 [Liberia] Day 43: New Prosecution Witnesses The 43rd day of public hearings resumed on Monday, 13th September in Monrovia, Liberia. Two prosecution witnesses were heard. Witness X2 is Heard The Prosecution questions Witness X2 The Prosecution opened by asking the Witness about his experience of the war. The Witness said that in 2002/2003, in June and…
25/08/21 [Finland] Day 42: New Evidence Is Presented
The 42nd day of public hearings resumed on Wednesday, 25th August in Tampere, Finland. The hearing focused on new evidence presented by the Prosecution and Defense. The Prosecution Presents New Evidence Attachment 13 The Prosecution presented the transcript of a phone call between GJRP 1 and FNM-241, recorded in Monrovia. The Prosecution explained that the…
18/06/21 [Finland] Day 41: A New Witness is Heard
18/06/21 [Finland] Day 41: A New Witness is Heard The 41st day of public hearings resumed on 18 June in Tampere, Finland. A new witness was heard. Witness FNM-226 is Heard The Judge indicated that the Witness was accompanied by her assistant, FNM-233, who will assist the Witness in determining whether she has the right to refuse to answer…
17/06/21 [Finland] Day 40: Two New Witnesses Are Heard
17/06/21 [Finland] Day 40: Two New Witnesses Are Heard The 40th day of public hearings resumed on 17 June 2021 at Tampere District Court, Finland. Witness FNM-178 is Heard Judge Paiho opened the hearing by noting that this Witness had the right to decline to testify pursuant to section 17, Chapter 17 of the Finnish Code of…
16/06/21 [Finland] Day 39: A New Witness is Heard
16/06/21 [Finland] Day 39: A New Witness is Heard The 39th day public hearings resumed on 16 June 2021 in Tampere, Finland. The day’s focus was the hearing of a new witness. Witness FNM-228 is Heard The Defense questions the Witness The Defense opened by indicating to the witness that they would go over the…
11/06/21 [Finland] Day 38: Hearing of the Expert Witness Mr. Käihkö
11/06/21 [Finland] Day 38: The Hearing of the Expert Witness Mr. Käihkö The 38th day public hearings resumed on 11 June 2021 in Tampere, Finland. The day’s focus was the hearing of the expert witness Mr. Käihkö, whose report was discussed in previous hearings. The Defense questions Mr. Käihkö The Defense opened by asking the…
07/06/21 [Finland] Day 37: The Reports of Two Experts
07/06/21 [Finland] Day 37: The Reports of Two Experts The 37th day of public hearings resumed on 7 June in Tampere, Finland. The hearing focused on the reports of two experts. Expert Report Presented by the Prosecution The hearings opened with the presentation of Dr. Korkman’s expert statement. The Prosecution started by explaining that Dr.…
02/06/21 [Finland] Day 36: A Short Hearing
02/06/21 [Finland] Day 36: A Short Hearing The 36th day of public hearings resumed on 2 June 2021 in Tampere, Finland. The Defense opened by saying that there had been a misunderstanding regarding the witnesses, as they hadn’t received any contact information for the witnesses FNM-192 and FNM-178. The Defense explained that they couldn’t reach them and have…
31/05/21 [Finland] Day 35: New Documentary Evidence
31/05/21 [Finland] Day 35: New Documentary Evidence The 35th day of public hearings resumed on 31 May in Tampere, Finland after two weeks in Sierra Leone. New documentary evidence was at the center of day 35’s hearings. The Prosecution introduces new documentary evidence The Prosecution introduced their new documentary evidence to the Court, as composed…
18/05/21 [Sierra Leone] Day 34: The Hearing of Witnesses 71, 72, and 73
18/05/21 [Sierra Leone] Day 34: The Hearing of Witnesses 71, 72, and 73 The 34th day of public hearings resumed on 18 May 2021 in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Witness 71 is Heard (Finnish Witness ID: Defense Witness 1) The Defense questions the Witness The Witness began his testimony by explaining that he knew Gibril Massaquoi…
17/05/21 [Sierra Leone] Day 33: The Hearing of Witnesses 68, 69 and 70
17/05/21 [Sierra Leone] Day 33: The Hearing of Witnesses 68, 69 and 70 The 33rd day of public hearings resumed on 17 May 2021 in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Witness 68 is Heard (Finnish Witness ID: Defense Witness 23) Defense Counsel Questions the Witness The Witness began by stating she knew Mr. Massaquoi in 1991 when…
16/05/21 [Sierra Leone] Day 32: The Hearing of Witnesses 66 and 67
16/05/21 [Sierra Leone] Day 32: The Hearing of Witnesses 66 and 67 Witness 66 is Heard (Finnish Witness ID: Defense Witness 20) The Defense Questions the Witness The Defense began by asking the Witness how and where she met Gibril Massaquoi. The Witness explained that she met Massaquoi in Buedu. The Defense then questioned the…
15/05/21 [Sierra Leone] Day 31: The Hearing of Witnesses 64 and 65
15/05/21 [Sierra Leone] Day 31: The Hearing of Witnesses 64 and 65 The 31st day of public hearings resumed on 15 May 2021 in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Defense Witness 6 is heard (Witness 64) Defence Counsel Questions Witness 6 The Witness began by describing that he knew Gibril Massaquoi. The Witness was captured along with…
14/05/21 [Sierra Leone] Day 30: The Hearing of Witnesses 62 and 63
14/05/21 [Sierra Leone] Day 30: The Hearing of Witnesses 62 and 63 The 30th day of public hearings resumed on 14 May 2021 in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Witness 62 is heard (Finnish Witness ID: Defense Witness 10) The Defense questions Witness 10 The Witness had met Gibril Massaquoi whilst training in a Southern Province, and…
12/05/21 [Sierra Leone] Day 29: The Hearing of Witnesses 59, 60, and 61
12/05/21 [Sierra Leone] Day 29: The Hearing of Witnesses 59, 60, and 61 The 29th day of public hearings resumed on 12 May 2021 in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Defense Witness 04 is Heard (W59) Defense questions Defense Witness 04 Defense Witness 04 began his testimony by describing how he knew Gibril Massaquoi, stating that he…
11/05/21 [Sierra Leone] Day 28: The Hearing of Witnesses 56, 57, and 58
11/05/21 [Sierra Leone] Day 28: The Hearing of Witnesses 56, 57, and 58 The twenty-eighth day of public hearings resumed on 11 May 2021 in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Witness 56 is heard(Finnish ID: Defense Witness 18)The Defense questions Witness 56Witness 18 began her statement by stating she is a member of Gibril Massaquoi’s family. When…
Point hebdomadaire - Neuvième semaine
Week in Review: Week 9 Introduction to Week 9’s hearings and witnesses The ninth week of the Gibril Massaquoi trial ended on 7 April 2021, after three days of hearings in Monrovia, Liberia. Hearings focused on the testimony of eight witnesses. As with prior witnesses, their identities were concealed. The witnesses were heard in the…
07/04/21 (Liberia) Vingt-septième jour: Audition des témoins n°53, 54 et 55
07/04/21 [Liberia] Day 27: The Hearing of Witnesses 53, 54, and 55 Witness 53 is heard (Finnish Witness ID: Soldier 12) The Prosecution questions Witness 53 The Witness began his testimony by saying he is Liberian, but he used to live in Sierra Leone and that he was a RUF soldier there, under the command…
06/04/21 (Liberia) Vingt-sixième jour: Audition des témoins n°50, 51 et 52
06/04/21 [Liberia] Day 26: The Hearing of Witnesses 50, 51, and 52 The 26th day of public hearings resumed on 6 April 2021 in Monrovia, Liberia. Witness 50 is heard (Finnish Witness ID: Civilian 76) The Prosecution questions Witness 50 Witness 50 testified about events at Waterside. The Witness sold clothes in Waterside from 1998…
05/04/21 (Liberia) Vingt-cinquième jour: Audition des témoins n°48 et 49
05/04/21 [Liberia] Day 25: The Hearing of Witnesses 48 and 49 Witness 48 is heard (Finnish Witness ID: Soldier 39) The Defense questions Witness 48 The Witness began by explaining that during the Second Liberian Civil War he was assigned to Vahun, near the border with Sierra Leone, from December 1999 until 2002 where he…
Point hebdomadaire - Huitième semaine
Week in Review: Week 8 Introduction to Week 8’s hearings and witnesses The eighth week of the Gibril Massaquoi trial ended on 2 April 2021, after three days of hearings in Monrovia, Liberia. Hearings focused on the testimony of nine witnesses. As with prior witnesses, their identities were concealed. The witnesses were heard in the…
02/04/21 (Liberia) Vingt-quatrième jour: Audition des témoins n°45, 46 et 47
02/04/21 [Liberia] Day 24: The Hearing of Witnesses 45, 46, and 47 The 24th day of public hearings resumed on April 4, 2021 in Monrovia, Liberia. Witness 45 is heard (Finnish Witness ID: Soldier 17) The Prosecution questions Witness 45 The Prosecution began by asking the Witness a question about the Second Liberian Civil War.…
31/03/21 (Liberia) Vingt-troisième jour: Audition des témoins n°42, 43 et 44
31/03/21 [Liberia] Day 23: The Hearing of Witnesses 42, 43, and 44 The twenty-third day of public hearings resumed on March 31, 2021 in Monrovia, Liberia. Witness 42 is heard (Finnish Witness ID: Soldier 07) The Prosecution questions Witness 42 The Witness began his testimony by explaining that Benjamin Yeaten was the Director of the Special…
29/03/21 (Liberia) Vingt-deuxième jour: Audition des témoins n°39, 40 et 41
29/03/21 [Liberia] Day 22: The Hearing of Witnesses 39, 40, and 41 The twenty-second day of public hearings resumed on 29 March 2021 in Monrovia, Liberia. Witness 39 is heard (Finnish Witness ID: Soldier 13) The Prosecution questions Witness 39 The Witness began by stating that he was a soldier in the Navy Division in…
Point hebdomadaire - Septième semaine
Week in Review – Week 7 Introduction to Week 7’s hearings and witnesses The seventh week of the Gibril Massaquoi trial ended on 26 March 2021, after three days of hearings in Monrovia, Liberia. Hearings focused on the testimony of eight witnesses. As with prior witnesses, their identities were concealed. The witnesses were heard in…
26/03/21 (Liberia) Vingt-et-unième jour : Audition des témoins n°36, 37 et 38
Le vingt-et-unième jour d'audience s'est ouvert le 26 mars 2021 à Monrovia, Liberia
23/03/21 (Liberia) Vingtième jour : Audition des témoins n°34 et 35
Le vingtième jour d'audience a repris le 23 mars 2021 au Liberia.
22/03/21 (Libéria) Dix-neuvième jour : Audition des témoins n°31, 32 et 33
Le dix-neuvième jour d'audience a repris le 22 mars à Monrovia, Liberia
Point hebdomadaire - Sixième semaine
The sixth week of the Gibril Massaquoi trial ended on 19 March 2021 after three days of hearings in Monrovia, Liberia. Hearings focused on the testimony of ten witnesses, the first of whom returned to finalise his testimony about his experiences in Waterside during the Second Civil War, after first appearing during the previous week’s…
19/03/21 (Libéria) Dix-huitième jour : Audition des témoins n°28, 29 et 30
La dix-huitième journée d'audience publique s'est ouverte le 19 mars 2021 à Monrovia, au Libéria.
17/03/21 (Libéria) Dix-septième jour : Audition des témoins n°25, 26 et 27
La dix-septième journée d'audience publique s'est tenue le 17 mars 2021 à Monrovia, au Libéria.
16/03/21 (Libéria) Seizième jour : Audition des témoins n°17 (suite), 22, 23 et 24
La seizième journée d'audience publique a repris le 16 mars 2021 à Monrovia, au Liberia.
Point hebdomadaire - Cinquième semaine
La cinquième semaine du procès de Gibril Massaquoi s'est conclue le 10 mars 2021, après trois jours d'audience à Monrovia, au Liberia. Les audiences étaient consacrées aux dépositions de sept témoins, dont six ont raconté leurs expériences pendant et après une attaque au marché Waterside de Monrovia.
10/03/21 [Liberia] Quinzième jour : Audition des témoins n°20 et 21 - Traduction en cours
Le quinzième jour d'audience publique s'est tenu le 10 mars 2021 à Monrovia, Liberia.
09/03/21 [Liberia] Quatorzième jour : Audition des témoins n°18 et 19 - Traduction en cours
Le quatorzième jour d’audience publique a repris le 2 mars 2021 à Monrovia, au Liberia.
08/03/21 [Liberia] Treizième jour : Audition des témoins n°15, 16, et 17
Le treizième jour d’audience publique s'est ouvert le 8 mars 2021 à Monrovia, au Liberia.
Week in Review – Week 4
La quatrième semaine du procès de Gibril Massaquoi s'est terminée le 5 mars 2021, après trois jours d'audience à Monrovia, au Libéria. Les audiences étaient dédiées aux témoignages de huit témoins, qui ont raconté leur expérience lors d'une attaque au marché Waterside de Monrovia, au Libéria. Comme pour les témoins précédents, l'identité de tous les témoins a été dissimulée.
05/03/21 [Liberia] Douzième jour : Audition des témoins n° 12, 13, et 14
Le douzième jour d'audience s'est tenu le 5 mars 2021 à Monrovia, Liberia.
04/03/21 [Liberia] Onzième jour : Audition des témoins n°10 et 11
Le onzième jour des audiences publiques a repris le 4 mars 2021 à Monrovia, au Liberia.
02/03/21 (Liberia) Dixième jour : Audition témoins n°7, 8 et 9
Le dixième jour d’audience publique a repris le 2 mars 2021 à Monrovia, au Liberia.
Week in Review – Week 3
The third week of the Gibril Massaquoi trial ended on 25 February 2021, after three days of hearings. The trial moved from Tampere, Finland, to Monrovia, Liberia, to hear witnesses and allow the Finnish authorities to visit sites where Mr. Massaquoi allegedly committed violations of Finnish and international criminal law. The accused remained in Finland,…
25/02/21 (Liberia) Neuvième jour : Audition des témoins n°4, 5 et 6
Le neuvième jour d’audience publique a repris le 25 février 2021 à Monrovia, au Libéria.
24/02/21 (Liberia) Huitième jour : Audition témoins n°2 et 3
Le huitième jour d’audience publique a repris le 24 février 2021 à Monrovia, au Liberia.
23/02/21 (Liberia) Septième jour : Audition du témoin n°1
Le procès a repris après la visite par les autorités finlandaises (juges, procureurs et avocats) des sites où Gibril Massaquoi aurait commis des crimes contre l'humanité. Pour en savoir plus, cliquez ici, pour en voir des images, cliquez là.
Point hebdomadaire - Deuxième semaine
The second week of the Gibril Massaquoi trial ended on 12 February 2021, after three days of public hearings in Tampere, Finland. The first day of this week’s hearings comprised the continued presentation of documentary evidence by the Defense. On the second and third days, Mr. Massaquoi offered his own testimony to the Court and…
12/02/21 (Finlande) Sixième jour: Audition de M. Massaquoi (suite)
Le juge a ouvert le sixième jour des audiences publiques en déclarant que l'audience devait reprendre là où elle s'était arrêtée la veille.
11/02/21 (Finlande) Cinquième jour: Audition de M. Massaquoi
The fifth day of public hearings opened with the Judge announcing that Mr. Massaquoi, the Accused, would be heard today. He explained that the Defense, led by Mr. Gummerus, may ask questions first, and following that, the Prosecution, led by Mr. Laitinen, may also ask questions. The Judge stated that the Accused is under no…
08/02/21 (Finlande) Quatrième jour: Présentation des preuves documentaires
La quatrième journée d'audiences publiques a repris avec la présentation par la Défense de preuves documentaires. L'avocat de la défense de M. Massaquoi, M. Kaarle Gummerus, a commencé par présenter les...
Point hebdomadaire - Première semaine
La première semaine du procès de Gibril Massaquoi s'est terminée le 5 février 2021, après trois jours d'audiences publiques à Tampere, en Finlande. Pour en savoir plus sur le procès, veuillez consulter ce résumé.
05/02/21 (Finlande) Troisième jour: Présentation des preuves documentaires
La troisième journée d'auditions publiques a été consacrée à la présentation de preuves documentaires.
04/02/21 (Finlande) Deuxième jour: Présentation de l'affaire
La deuxième journée d’audience publique au tribunal de district de Pirkanmaa a commencé avec le Procureur adjoint qui a présenté un aperçu des réquisitions de l'Accusation. Le procureur adjoint a commencé par montrer divers sites pour s'assurer que la Cour ait une vue d'ensemble des lieux des crimes. Le Procureur adjoint a mis en avant les sites suivants :
03/02/21 (Finlande) Premier jour: Lecture des chefs d'accusation
The first day of public hearings in the trial of Mr. Gibril Massaquoi began at the Pirkanmaa District Court in Tampere, Finland on 3 February 2021, with District Judge Paiho (Chair) noting that, in the preparatory hearing, it was decided that a judicial examination of the case shall be arranged in Liberia, and that the…